![]() ![]() doi:10.1067/ consensus exists on the treatment of proximal humerus fractures, especially in the elderly patients with osteoporosis. Four-Segment Classification of Proximal Humeral Fractures: Purpose and Reliable Use. Shoulder Fractures: The Practical Guide to Management. Disorders of the Shoulder: Diagnosis and Management (2 Volume Set). Clinical Epidemiology of Orthopedic Trauma. Treatment of Three-Part and Four-Part Displacement. Diagnosing Displaced Four-Part Fractures of the Proximal Humerus: A Review of Observer Studies. Brorson S, Bagger J, Sylvest A, Hrobjartsson A. An Assessment of Interobserver Variation. The Neer Classification of Fractures of the Proximal Humerus. Kristiansen B, Andersen U, Olsen C, Varmarken J. The Neer Classification of Displaced Proximal Humeral Fractures: Spectrum of Findings on Plain Radiographs and CT Scans. Kilcoyne R, Shuman W, Matsen F, Morris M, Rockwood C. This type of four-part fracture is considered its own category and has a different prognosis than typical four-part fractures 9. These fractures require operative management. ![]() This pattern has a high incidence of osteonecrosis 7. This pattern has poor non-operative results, and as the articular surface is no longer attached to any parts of the humerus which are attached to soft tissues. ![]() These fractures are uncommon (<1% of proximal humeral fractures) 6.
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